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-
- Modifying the UHF M212 Pye Olympic for Packet Radio
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
- by G3VMW
- ~~~~~~~~
-
- The Pye Olympic is a relatively modern PMR radio which has some rather nice
- features. The diecast alloy chassis houses plug-in modules which can be
- easily removed for maintenance. The receiver is dual-conversion, with a
- 21.4 MHz 1st I.F. and a 225 kHz 2nd I.F. The M212 is the UHF version which
- originally operated in either of two sub-bands: T1 405-440 MHz and U0 440-
- 470 MHz. All UHF Olympics are either 20 kHz (Suffix R) or 25 kHz (Suffix
- V) channel spacing.
-
- The T1 Band Olympics are ideal for use on the 70cms band and will give more
- than 10W output on TX and produce 12dB SINAD for around 0.5 microvolts p.d.
- RX signal. The U0 Band Olympics will also tune 70cms, but with slightly
- lower RX sensitivity.
-
-
- M212 Crystal Details:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- The crystals are HC18/U wire-ended miniature types to a commercial T64JO
- specification for both TX and RX. The crystal frequencies required for
- 70cms are as follows:
-
- TX Xtal frequency = TX Freq/27
- RX Xtal frequency = (RX Freq + 21.4 MHz)/27
-
- e.g. for 432.675 MHz TX Xtal = 16.0250 MHz
- RX Xtal = 16.8176 MHz
-
-
- Realignment:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
- 1) Remove the plastic front panel by locating the pin on its right-hand
- side. With a small screwdriver, push the pin in, whilst gently easing
- the panel off from the right. Do this carefully!
-
- 2) Remove the two screws at the front top and bottom, which are now
- exposed and then remove the covers.
-
- 3) Remove the push-on metal covers to access the various boards which need
- realigning.
-
-
- Rx Alignment:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
- RX Oscillator Multiplier Board:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- Locate the RX oscillator multiplier board (4) and with a suitable test
- meter (+ve meter lead to +ve supply and negative lead to the various test
- points on the multiplier board ) run through the following sequence:
-
- n.b. all the following voltages were measured with a Fluke 77 digital
- multimeter.
-
- a) TP1 - tune C3 for a maximum reading (1.5v)
- b) TP2 - tune L2 & L3 for a maximum reading (2.5v)
- c) TP3 - tune L4 & L5 for a maximum reading (1.65v)
- d) TP3 - tune L6 for a minimum
-
- Transfer the test meter +ve lead to chassis and the negative lead to TP1 on
- the RF amp/mixer board (1)
-
- a) TP1 - tune C22 on the oscillator multiplier board for a maximum
- (0.2V)
-
- b) TP1 - tune L9 & L10 on the RF amp/mixer board (1) for maximum
-
- c) TP1 - tune C3,L2,L3,L4,L5,L6,C22,L9,L10 for absolute maximum
- (0.2v)
-
-
- RF Amplifier/Mixer Board:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
- Switch on a signal generator, tune to the selected carrier frequency and
- set the output level to 10 mV CW. Using a 21.4 MHz marker oscillator near
- to the receiver I.F. amplifier/squelch board (2), tune the appropriate
- crystal trimmer for zero beat.
-
- a) L2, L3 - tune for the best receiver quieting, reducing signal
- generator output as necesary
-
- b) L4, L5 - tune in sequence for the best quieting, reducing
- L6, L7 signal generator output as necessary
- L8
-
- c) L9, L10 - tune in sequence for best quieting, reducing signal
- generator output as necessary
-
- On the I.F. amplifier/squelch board (2), locate TP1 and with the digital
- voltmeter (-ve lead to chassis) connect the +ve to TP1. Increase the
- signal generator output to about 100 microvolts, then tune T1 and L1 on the
- IF amplifier/squelch board for a maximum.
-
- Modulate the signal generator with a 1 kHz tone at 2.5 kHz peak deviation
- (for 25 kHz bandwidth: 2kHz peak for 20 kHz bandwidth) and then tune L3 on
- the IF amplifier/squelch board for maximum audio output.
-
- This completes the receiver alignment. The Olympic isn't the most
- sensitive receiver in the world, but is entirely adequate for packet radio
- use where signals should be pretty good anyway!
-
- TX Alignment:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
- TX Exciter:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~
- Locate Module 8, TX Multiplier/Exciter, next to the Facilities Socket.
- Connect a power meter/50 ohm load on the antenna socket and the digital
- multimeter negative leg to to chassis.
-
- a) TP1 - Tune L1 and L2 for a maximum (3.1v)
- b) TP2 - Tune L4 (underside) for minimum (1.8v)
- c) TP3 - Tune L6, L7 (underside), and L8 for a maximum (3.8v)
-
- Repeat steps a,b, and c, for an absolute maximum on TP3.
-
- d) TP4 - Tune L8, L9 for a maximum
- e) TP4 - Tune L1 to L8 for an absolute peak (1.1v)
-
- If tuning a U0 band set, locate L17 and L18 and place the cores at the
- bottom of their travel. With a T1 band set, leave the cores of L17 and
- L18 where they are.
-
- With a diode probe on C36 (collector side) i.e. the metal adjustment
- screw, tune C31 (underside) for a maximum.
-
- Transfer the diode probe to C42 (positive) i.e. the metal adjustment
- screw, and tune C36, L17 and L18 for a maximum. When correctly aligned,
- L17 and L18 (band pass filter) should be at the same position in their
- formers.
-
- Transfer the diode probe to C44 (collector side) i.e. metal adjustment
- screw, and tune C42 for a maximum.
-
- Tune C31, C36, L17, C44, L18, C42, in that sequence for a maximum.
-
-
- P.A. Module:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~
- Now, watching the RF output meter, tune L1 and L2 on the rear, panel
- mounted P.A. Module (9). Tune them for maximum RF power output, then
- retune C44 for an absolute maximum.
-
- There should be approximately 10W RF output from the M212, however, most
- have a power adjustment control: RV1 on the PA Board. Maximum power
- corresponds to RV1 being fully counter-clockwise. Set RV1 for 10W RF
- output.
-
- The TX peak deviation is adjusted by RV1 on the Transceiver Audio Board
- (7) and should be set for +/- 3.25 kHz peak with the highest audio tone
- from the TNC (using the CAL routine) for use on Packet Radio.
-
-
- This concludes the TX alignment.
-
-
- Facilities Socket:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
- On the left-hand side of the Olympic, a slide-in facilities PCB holds a
- SELCALL board; a squelch busy lamp, and push switch. The facilities PCB
- fitted in my Olympic also had a small 12V reed relay with c/o contacts
- which was utilised as part of the modification detailed later on.
-
- The facilities PCB plugs into socket SKB, which also carries most of the
- connection paths needed for the TNC, although the microphone socket SKA (a
- 270 degree locking DIN type), linked to SKB, is used as the TNC interface.
-
- Socket SKA/SKB Details:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
- SKA Microphone Socket
-
- Pin 1 Microphone input
- Pin 2 Microphone screen (-ve)
- Pin 3 TX oscillator 10v switched input (PTT)
- Pin 4 Earpiece audio
- Pin 5 +10V regulated
-
- SKB Facilities
-
- Pin 1 -ve line
- Pin 2 Non de-emphasised RX audio
- Pin 3 Microphone Input (Pin 1 SKA)
- Pin 4 Pin 3 SKA
- Pin 5 Pin 5 SKA
- Pin 6 TX audio output
- Pin 7 TX oscillator +10v switched (Pin 3 SKA)
- Pin 8 RX audio output (from top of volume control)
- Pin 9 +13.5v
- Pin 10 Busy lamp (0V with squelch open, +13.5v squelch closed)
- Pin 11 +10v regulated
- Pin 12 RX audio input
- Pin 13
- Pin 14 -ve line
-
- Packet Modification:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
- Remove the facilities card (CT35013 - module assembly) and strip off all
- the components. The one in the Olympic I have here had a bare motherboard
- with smaller CTCSS cards bolted to it. The extra switching stages
- necessary for packet work were all built on a small piece of Veroboard
- measuring 74mm x 58mm.
-
- The modification provides 1) a PTT line compatible with most TNCs
- 2) a squelch "busy" lamp
- 3) a TX key for test purposes
-
- The busy lamp and TX push button were already mounted on the module
- assembly.
-
- Link Pins 8 and 12 on the module assembly to provide RX audio in the
- speaker (if required) Pin 1 is at the left, looking at the top of the
- board.
-
-
- PTT Modification:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
- The PTT on the Olympic is a switched +10V line to the TX oscillator, this
- is incompatible with most TNCs, and the reed relay, from the facilities
- board, is used to switch the oscillator positive voltage rail.
-
- It is necessary to make the TX PTT compatible with the TNC. Most TNCs
- earth the TX PTT line via a switching transistor. To achieve this on the
- Pye Olympic, a small reed relay is used to key the +10v TX oscillator
- line, the reed relay itself being switched by a BC477 PNP transistor.
-
- ...............................
- To Pin 9 : : RLA make contacts to Pin 7
- of SKB (+13.5v) : --- and Pin 11 SKB
- RLA / \ D1
- : ~:~ 1N4001
- :......:
- : /
- To Pin 5 -----: 4.7K :--: BC477
- of SKB (PTT) : \
- : collector
- : To Pin 1 of SKB
- :......................... -ve line
-
-
- RLA, a 12v reed relay, was already available on the plug-in facilities
- card and was re-used. The diode D1 protects the BC477 from damage by back
- EMF from the coil of RLA during switching transients. The BC477 emitter
- is connected to the relay and its collector to -ve (ground) The two make
- contacts of RLA are used to switch the 10v regulated line to the TX
- oscillator. TX keying is now achieved by earthing the base of the BC477
- via a 4.7K resistor.
-
- A small locking push-switch was available on the module assembly I had,
- and this was used to provide a TX key for test purposes.
-
-
- Busy Lamp Modification:
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- A busy lamp indication of squelch operation is relatively simple to
- achieve, and is similar to the PTT modification detailed above. A BD238
- PNP plastic power transistor is used to switch the busy lamp indicator
- bulb which is already mounted on the module assembly.
-
-
- ........................
- To Pin 9 :
- of SKB (+13.5v) :
- LP1 (Busy Lamp)
- :
- :
- : /
- To Pin 10 -----: 10K :--: BD238
- of SKB (RX Busy) : \
- : collector
- : To Pin 1 of SKB
- :......................... -ve line
-
-
- The interface to the TNC is now via SKA, the microphone socket. Very
- conveniently, the pin-out connections are identical to those on the Pye
- Westminster (which I use on 4m), making testing and setting up simple.
-
-
- SKA Pin Out (after modification):
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
- Pin 1 Microphone input
- Pin 2 Microphone screen (-ve)
- Pin 3 Common (-ve)
- Pin 4 RX audio (earpiece)
- Pin 5 PTT
-
- The modification detailed above works very well here at G3VMW, however, I
- would be the first to accept that there may be better ways of achieving
- the same result. I am now working on removing the pre-emphasis on TX and
- de-emphasis on RX. Pin 2 of SKB has RX de-emphasised audio already
- available and it may be possible to utilise this.
-
- If I've re-invented the wheel, I apologise! This information is sent out
- to try and encourage people to have a go at modifying ex-PMR radio gear
- which is usually the cheapest way of getting on Packet Radio.
-
-